Overview
Chlorine dioxide (CAS 10049-04-4 ), also known commercially as Alcide, is a selective oxidizing biocide used across water treatment, food processing, and industrial sanitation. Unlike chlorine-based alternatives, it remains effective across a broad pH range.
This stability makes it a preferred active in systems where consistent microbial control is critical. In municipal and industrial water treatment, it disinfects distribution systems and controls biofilm without generating trihalomethanes.
Food processing facilities use it to sanitize surfaces, equipment, and wash water for fresh produce, poultry, and seafood. Pulp and paper manufacturers apply it as a bleaching agent to brighten cellulose fibers effectively.
This application minimizes fiber degradation compared to elemental chlorine. In pharmaceutical and healthcare environments, it functions as a sporicidal agent for cleanroom decontamination and hard surface disinfection.
Chlorine dioxide is supplied as an aqueous solution or generated on-site from precursor systems, as the pure gas is unstable for bulk transport. Stabilized solution concentrates are available for dilution prior to use.
These concentrates are suitable for food-grade and industrial applications. Grades are available to meet food processing compliance requirements, with technical-grade solutions supplied for industrial water treatment and pulp bleaching.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | -59 °C |
| Boiling Point | 11 °C |
| Density | 1.6 g/cm³ @ Temp: 0 °C |
| Appearance | Chlorine dioxide is a flammable, reddishyellow gas, or reddish-brown liquid (below 11C/52F) with an irritating odor like chlorine or nitric acid. |
| Color | orange-green |
| Form | orange-green gas |
| Water Solubility | Soluble ºC |
| Vapor Pressure | 0-22900Pa at 20-25℃ |
| Log P | -3.22--2.9 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS03 GHS04 GHS05 GHS06 GHS09 GHS07 GHS08 Hazard Statements H270 May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated H301 Toxic if swallowed H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage H319 Causes serious eye irritation H320 Causes eye irritation H330 Fatal if inhaled H332 Harmful if inhaled H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child H362 May cause harm to breast-fed children H370 Causes damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P220 Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials. P244 Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P263 Avoid contact during pregnancy and while nursing. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P284 In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see … on this label). P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P391 Collect spillage. P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P370+P376 In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. P301+P330+P331 Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P302+P361+P354 IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| UN Number | 9191 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 10049-04-4
- EC Number
- 233-162-8
- Mol. Weight
- 67.45
- Category
- Oxidizers & Peroxides