Overview
Oxalic acid (CAS 144-62-7 ) is a dicarboxylic organic acid used across industrial processing as a reducing agent, chelating agent, and pH regulator. It removes metal ions and mineral deposits from surfaces and process streams.
This chemical is a go-to reagent in cleaning, bleaching, and metal finishing operations. In water treatment and industrial cleaning, it dissolves iron oxide and rust deposits from boilers, heat exchangers, and pipework.
The acid effectively cleans systems without damaging base metals. Textile and paper manufacturers use it as a bleaching and stripping agent to remove discoloration from natural fibers and pulp during production.
Mining and hydrometallurgical operations rely on it to precipitate rare earth elements and other metals from leach solutions. This process is essential for recovering valuable materials during ore processing.
In personal care formulations, it functions as a pH adjuster and chelating agent. It is commonly found in hair bleaching and skin-lightening products to ensure stability and efficacy in the final formula.
The product is supplied as a white crystalline powder or granules, with anhydrous and dihydrate forms available. Standard grades include technical, industrial, and pharmaceutical-grade material for various uses.
Purity levels typically range from 99% to 99.6% to meet strict industry requirements. Packaging options span from small bags to bulk quantities, supporting both laboratory-scale and large industrial supply.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 189.5 °C (decomp) |
| Boiling Point | 158 °C |
| Density | 1.9 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 101-157°C |
| Appearance | Oxalic acid is a colorless, odorless powder, or granular solid. The anhydrous form (COOH)2 is an odorless, white solid; the solution is a colorless liquid. |
| Color | White |
| Odor | odorless |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | 90 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.4261 (estimate) |
| pH | 1 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -1.7 at 23℃ |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 GHS05 GHS08 Hazard Statements H302 Harmful if swallowed H312 Harmful in contact with skin H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage H335 May cause respiratory irritation H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child H370 Causes damage to organs H371 May cause damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H402 Harmful to aquatic life H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P301+P330+P331 Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P302+P361+P354 IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29171110 |
| UN Number | 3261 |
| ADR Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 144-62-7
- EC Number
- 205-634-3
- Mol. Weight
- 90.03
- HS Code
- 29171110
- Category
- Organic Acids