Hydrazine

CAS: 302-01-2

Overview

Hydrazine (CAS 302-01-2 ), also referred to commercially as N2H4, is a reactive inorganic base and reducing agent used across chemical synthesis, energy, and industrial process industries.

It functions primarily as a chemical building block, corrosion inhibitor, and oxygen scavenger in demanding industrial environments. In pharmaceutical and agrochemical manufacturing, it is a critical intermediate.

This compound is essential in the synthesis of active ingredients, including antituberculosis drugs, herbicides, and plant growth regulators. Boiler and feedwater treatment operations rely on it as an oxygen scavenger.

It is used to prevent corrosion in high-pressure steam systems across power generation and oil and gas facilities. Textile and paper processing industries use it as a reducing agent in dye synthesis and bleaching.

It also serves as a polymerization initiator and chain extender in the production of specialty polymers and foaming agents such as azodicarbonamide. Hydrazine is supplied commercially as an aqueous solution.

Hydrazine hydrate, at approximately 64% and 80% concentrations, represents the most widely traded forms. Anhydrous hydrazine is available for specialized industrial and aerospace applications where water content is minimized.

Technical and industrial grades are standard for most applications. Buyers in pharmaceutical synthesis typically require documentation supporting manufacturing that is compliant with USP or Ph.Eur. standards.

Quality assurance is vital for these high-purity applications. Suppliers ensure that the material meets the rigorous specifications required for complex chemical synthesis and large-scale industrial utility.

Physical Properties

Melting Point	2.0 °C
Boiling Point	113.5 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Density	1.146 g/cm³ @ Temp: -5 °C
Flash Point	−4 °F
Appearance	colourless oily liquid
Color	Clear colorless
Odor	Fishy or ammonia-like odor detectable at 3 to 4 ppm (mean = 3.7 ppm)
Form	Liquid
Water Solubility	miscible with H2O and the following alcohols: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl [MER06]
Vapor Pressure	5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
Refractive Index	n20/D 1.47(lit.)
Log P	-0.16 at 20℃

Safety & Handling

Danger GHS02 GHS05 GHS06 GHS08 GHS09 GHS07 Hazard Statements H226 Flammable liquid and vapor H301 Toxic if swallowed H310 Fatal in contact with skin H311 Toxic in contact with skin H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H318 Causes serious eye damage H330 Fatal if inhaled H331 Toxic if inhaled H335 May cause respiratory irritation H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H350 May cause cancer H351 Suspected of causing cancer H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child H370 Causes damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P284 In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see … on this label). P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P391 Collect spillage. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P333+P317 Get emergency medical help. P361+P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P370+P378 Use … for extinction. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P301+P330+P331 Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P302+P361+P354 IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code	28251090
UN Number	3293
ADR Class	6.1
Packing Group	III
Storage Class	6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
WGK (Germany)	3

Other Names

Industries

Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Agriculture & Feed Mining & Metals Pulp & Paper Textile, Leather & Paper Oil, Gas & Energy Water Treatment