Overview
Chromium (CAS 7440-47-3 ), also commercially referenced as Chrome, is a hard transition metal sourced primarily through ferrochrome production and used across metallurgy, surface finishing, and catalysis.
Its exceptional hardness and corrosion resistance make it a foundational input in alloy manufacturing and industrial coating processes. In steelmaking, chromium is alloyed to produce stainless and tool steels.
This metal determines corrosion resistance thresholds and mechanical performance grades. Electroplating operations deposit chromium onto metal and plastic substrates to deliver hard, wear-resistant surfaces for hardware.
These applications are vital for automotive, aerospace, and industrial components. In catalysis, chromium-based compounds derived from elemental chromium function as precursors for polymerization and dehydrogenation catalysts.
These catalysts are used extensively in petrochemical processing. Chromium also enters pigment manufacturing as a feedstock for chromium oxide and chromate-based colorants used in coatings and ceramics.
Specialty inks also utilize these pigments for high-performance applications. Chromium is supplied as electrolytic flakes, lumps, or powder, with purity levels ranging from technical grade to high-purity grades.
Material exceeding 99.5% Cr is available for specialized needs. Aluminothermic and electrolytic production routes yield material suited to different downstream specifications for sensitive alloy applications.
These include low-iron and low-sulfur variants. Bulk quantities are standard for metallurgical buyers, with smaller packaging available for catalyst and chemical synthesis applications.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 1900 °C |
| Boiling Point | 2642 °C |
| Density | 7.14 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 50 °F |
| Appearance | Chromium may exist in one of three valence states in compounds, , , and . The most stable oxidation state is trivalent chromium; Hexavalent chromium is a less stable state. Chromium (element) blue-white to steel-gray, lustrous, brittle, hard, odorless solid. Elemental: |
| Color | Silver-gray |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Form | powder |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water. |
| pH | <1 (H2O, 20°C) |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS07 GHS08 GHS09 Hazard Statements H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 Causes serious eye irritation H320 Causes eye irritation H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled H335 May cause respiratory irritation H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H371 May cause damage to organs H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P284 In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P391 Collect spillage. P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P333+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P342+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 8112 21 90 |
| UN Number | 2924 |
| ADR Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| WGK (Germany) | 3 |
Other Names
Related Products
Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 7440-47-3
- EC Number
- 231-157-5
- Mol. Weight
- 51.996
- HS Code
- 8112 21 90
- Category
- Pigments & Colorants