Overview
Tetramethylammonium chloride ( CAS 75-57-0 ), commonly abbreviated as TMAC, is a quaternary ammonium salt used as a phase-transfer catalyst and reagent across pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and polymer manufacturing sectors.
It enables reactions between compounds in incompatible phases, improving yields and reducing processing complexity in synthetic workflows. In pharmaceutical synthesis, TMAC acts as a phase-transfer catalyst to facilitate alkylation.
It supports nucleophilic substitution reactions and the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Biotechnology applications include its use in DNA hybridization assays, where it equalizes melting temperatures.
This process stabilizes AT- and GC-rich sequences to improve probe specificity. In polymer and plastics manufacturing, TMAC functions as a catalyst or catalyst precursor in polymerization processes.
Common industrial uses include the production of epoxy resins and specialty polymers. It also serves as a nitrogen source and templating agent in the synthesis of zeolites and other porous materials.
These materials are essential for various catalytic applications. Tetramethylammonium chloride is supplied as a white crystalline powder or granules, available in technical grade for industrial catalysis.
High-purity grades are also available, meeting reagent or analytical specifications for pharmaceutical and life sciences use. Packaging ranges from laboratory-scale quantities to bulk industrial supply.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 368-370 °C (decomp) |
| Boiling Point | 165.26°C (rough estimate) |
| Density | 1.17 g/cm³ |
| Appearance | white crystals |
| Color | White to ivory |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Form | Hygroscopic Crystalline Powder |
| Water Solubility | >60 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Refractive Index | 1.5320 (estimate) |
| pH | 6-8 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS06 GHS07 GHS08 GHS09 Hazard Statements H300 Fatal if swallowed H301 Toxic if swallowed H311 Toxic in contact with skin H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H335 May cause respiratory irritation H370 Causes damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P391 Collect spillage. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P361+P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29239000 |
| UN Number | 2811 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Storage Class | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 very toxic hazardous materials |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 75-57-0
- EC Number
- 200-880-8
- Mol. Weight
- 109.60
- HS Code
- 29239000
- Category
- Salts & Minerals