Overview
Nonanoic acid (CAS 112-05-0 ), also known as pelargonic acid, is a nine-carbon saturated fatty acid derived primarily from oleic acid oxidation. It functions as a pH regulator and emulsifier.
This versatile chemical intermediate is used across lubricant, personal care, and food manufacturing applications. In lubricant and metalworking formulations, it serves as a precursor to nonanoate ester base fluids.
It is also utilized in corrosion inhibitors used in cutting oils and hydraulic fluids. Personal care manufacturers incorporate it into emulsified skin and hair products where its fatty acid profile supports texture.
The material provides stability in finished formulations across various cosmetic lines. As a FEMA 2784 -listed flavoring agent, it contributes to fruit and dairy flavor profiles in food and beverage products.
It also acts as a catalyst intermediate and pH buffer in specialty chemical synthesis. This is particularly useful where controlled acidity is required in complex esterification reactions during manufacturing.
Nonanoic acid is supplied as a colorless to pale yellow liquid in bulk and intermediate packaging formats. Food-grade and technical-grade designations are the most common commercial specifications available.
Buyers sourcing for flavor applications should confirm FEMA compliance for their specific needs. Industrial buyers typically specify technical-grade material with defined acid value and purity thresholds for use.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 12.5 °C |
| Boiling Point | 252-253 °C @ Press: 760 Torr |
| Density | 0.9052 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 212 °F |
| Appearance | Colorless or yellowish, combustible, oily liquid. Faint odor. |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Odor | at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. waxy dirty cheese cultured dairy |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | NEGLIGIBLE |
| Vapor Pressure | <0.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.432(lit.) |
| pH | 4.4 (0.1g/l, H2O, 25℃) |
| Log P | 3.4 at 25℃ |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 GHS05 GHS09 Hazard Statements H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage H319 Causes serious eye irritation H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness H402 Harmful to aquatic life H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P391 Collect spillage. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P301+P330+P331 Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P302+P361+P354 IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29159080 |
| UN Number | 3265 |
| ADR Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Storage Class | 10 - Combustible liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 112-05-0
- EC Number
- 203-931-2
- Mol. Weight
- 158.24
- HS Code
- 29159080
- Category
- Organic Acids