Overview
Potassium formate (CAS 590-29-4 ), also referred to as potassium formiate, is the potassium salt of formic acid used across oil field operations, food processing, and de-icing applications.
It functions primarily as a high-density brine fluid, buffering agent, and preservation aid depending on the industry context. In oil and gas drilling, it serves as a completion and workover fluid.
Its high density and low solids content help protect reservoir formations during well interventions. Food manufacturers use it as a pH regulator and preservative in processed products.
In these applications, it controls microbial activity and stabilizes formulations. In agriculture, it is incorporated into feed preservation and silage treatments to inhibit spoilage organisms.
This helps extend shelf life for various agricultural products. Personal care formulators use it as a buffering agent in rinse-off and leave-on products to maintain target pH ranges.
Potassium formate is supplied as a clear aqueous solution, typically at concentrations of 75–80%, and as a dry crystalline solid. Standard grades include food-grade and technical-grade.
The food-grade material is produced in compliance with FCC specifications. Industrial grades are available in bulk liquid totes or drums suited for oilfield and de-icing end uses.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 167 °C |
| Density | 1.91 g/cm³ |
| Appearance | white crystalline solid |
| Color | colorless hygroscopic crystals, crystalline |
| Form | colorless hygroscopic crystals |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| pH | 7.0-8.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Log P | -2 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 Hazard Statements H319 Causes serious eye irritation Precautionary Statements P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29151200 |
| Storage Class | 13 - Non Combustible Solids |
| WGK (Germany) | 2 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 590-29-4
- EC Number
- 209-677-9
- Mol. Weight
- 84.116
- HS Code
- 29151200
- Category
- Organic Acids