Overview
Malachite green (CAS 569-64-2 ), also sold as Basic Green 4 and Aniline Green, is a synthetic triarylmethane dye used across textile dyeing, biological staining, and industrial process applications.
The chloride salt form is the most commercially traded variant. Its strong green coloration and affinity for cellulosic and protein-based substrates make it a practical choice for dyeing and diagnostic applications alike.
In textile and leather processing, it dyes cotton, silk, wool, and leather directly without requiring a mordant, reducing process steps and cost. This efficiency is highly valued in large-scale manufacturing.
Biological and diagnostic laboratories use MG as a staining agent for identifying spores, parasites, and microorganisms in microscopy workflows. It provides essential contrast for detailed cellular analysis.
In paper and printing operations, it functions as a colorant for specialty papers and ink formulations where a vivid green shade is specified. This ensures consistent color quality across various print media.
Water treatment and aquaculture industries have historically used it as an antifungal and antiparasitic agent in process water. However, regulatory status varies significantly by region and specific application.
The product is supplied as a crystalline powder or granular solid, typically in the chloride salt form. Technical grade is the standard offering for industrial dyeing and water treatment use.
Higher-purity grades are available for laboratory and life sciences procurement. Bulk quantities are commonly available in fiber drums or multi-wall bags to meet diverse industrial requirements.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 112-114 °C |
| Boiling Point | 520.91°C (rough estimate) |
| Density | 1.0448 (rough estimate) |
| Appearance | green crystals |
| Color | Brown |
| Form | Solid |
| Refractive Index | 1.5940 (estimate) |
| Log P | 0.620 |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS05 GHS07 GHS08 GHS09 GHS06 Hazard Statements H301 Toxic if swallowed H302 Harmful if swallowed H318 Causes serious eye damage H340 May cause genetic defects H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H351 Suspected of causing cancer H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P391 Collect spillage. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29215900 |
| UN Number | 2811 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| WGK (Germany) | 3 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 569-64-2
- EC Number
- 209-322-8
- Mol. Weight
- 364.9
- HS Code
- 29215900
- Category
- Pigments & Colorants