Overview
Dimethylformamide ( CAS 68-12-2 ), commercially known as DMF, is a high-boiling polar aprotic solvent used across chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical synthesis, and industrial processing.
Its ability to dissolve a broad range of organic and inorganic compounds makes it a preferred solvent where water-miscible, low-volatility performance is required for complex reactions.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, DMF serves as a reaction solvent and purification medium for active pharmaceutical ingredients, where controlled solvation and high purity grades are critical.
Acrylic fiber and synthetic leather production rely on DMF to dissolve and process polyacrylonitrile and polyurethane resins into spinnable or coatable forms for industrial use.
Electronics manufacturers use it to strip and clean photoresist layers during PCB and semiconductor fabrication. In agrochemical synthesis, DMF functions as both a solvent and a catalyst precursor.
DMF is supplied as a clear liquid in drums, IBCs, and bulk tanker quantities. Standard commercial grades include technical grade and high-purity pharmaceutical grade for various needs.
Specifications are aligned to USP and Ph. Eur. pharmacopeial standards where API manufacturing requires it. Low-water and anhydrous variants are available for moisture-sensitive synthesis.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | -61 °C |
| Boiling Point | 153 °C @ Press: 760 Torr |
| Density | 0.9445 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C |
| Flash Point | 136 °F |
| Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
| Color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Odor | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
| Form | Powder |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Vapor Pressure | 2.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.430(lit.) |
| pH | 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -1.010 |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS07 GHS08 GHS02 GHS06 GHS05 Hazard Statements H226 Flammable liquid and vapor H303 May be harmful if swallowed H312 Harmful in contact with skin H313 May be harmful in contact with skin H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage H319 Causes serious eye irritation H320 Causes eye irritation H331 Toxic if inhaled H332 Harmful if inhaled H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H350 May cause cancer H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child H370 Causes damage to organs H371 May cause damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P370+P378 Use … for extinction. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29241990 |
| UN Number | 2265 |
| ADR Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
Related Products
Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 68-12-2
- EC Number
- 200-679-5
- Mol. Weight
- 73.09
- HS Code
- 29241990
- Category
- Catalysts & Catalyst Precursors