Overview
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (CAS 7782-63-0 ), also known as green vitriol or iron vitriol, is a hydrated iron(II) salt used across water treatment, agriculture, and industrial processing.
It functions primarily as a coagulant, reducing agent, and iron source in both chemical and biological processes. In municipal and industrial water treatment, it acts as a flocculant to remove phosphates.
Agriculture relies on it to correct iron-deficiency chlorosis in crops and as a soil amendment. It is also a registered active ingredient in moss and weed control products for commercial landscaping.
Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical manufacturers use it as a bioavailable iron source in iron-deficiency supplements. It is frequently utilized in fortified formulations for human and animal health.
In mining, it serves as a catalyst precursor in hydrometallurgical leaching operations. It also acts as a reducing agent in the chromate treatment of process water and industrial effluent streams.
The material is supplied as blue-green crystalline granules or powder. Standard grades include technical, agricultural, feed-grade, USP , and BP for specialized pharmaceutical applications.
Bulk supply is common in 25 kg bags or bulk totes. Feed and pharma grades require documented purity specifications to ensure compliance with international safety and quality standards.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 64 °C |
| Density | 1.897 g/cm³ |
| Appearance | Ferrous sulfate is a greenish or yellowish solid in fine or lumpy crystals. |
| Color | Slightly greenish to blue |
| Odor | pale bluish-grn. cryst. or gran., odorless |
| Form | Solution |
| Water Solubility | 25.6 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | 14.6 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| pH | 3.0-4.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) |
| Log P | -1.031 (est) |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 Hazard Statements H302 Harmful if swallowed H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H402 Harmful to aquatic life Precautionary Statements P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 28332950 |
| UN Number | 3077 |
| Storage Class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 7782-63-0
- EC Number
- 231-753-5
- Mol. Weight
- 278.02
- HS Code
- 28332950
- Category
- Oxidizers & Peroxides