Overview
Benzoyl chloride (CAS 98-88-4 ) is a high-reactivity acylating agent used across pharmaceutical synthesis, agrochemical manufacturing, and specialty chemical production. It introduces the benzoyl group into target molecules, enabling the construction of esters, amides, and anhydrides at industrial scale.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, it serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of active ingredients, including analgesics, antimicrobials, and UV-absorbing compounds used in topical formulations. Cosmetic chemists use it to produce benzoate esters and benzoyl peroxide precursors.
These precursors function as preservatives and antimicrobial agents in personal care products. It is also employed in the production of dyes, resins, and agrochemical intermediates where controlled benzoylation is required for specific chemical reactions.
In laboratory and biotech settings, it acts as a derivatizing agent for analytical workflows, enabling detection and characterization of alcohols and amines. This versatility makes it an essential component for research and development across various scientific disciplines.
Benzoyl chloride is supplied as a colorless to pale yellow liquid in standard packaging ranging from small reagent quantities to bulk drums and ISO tanks. Technical and reagent grades are the most commercially available options for industrial buyers.
Purity specifications typically range from 98% to 99% or higher depending on the specific grade required. Buyers sourcing for pharmaceutical applications should confirm compliance with relevant pharmacopoeial or GMP documentation requirements for their supply chain.
Standard quality benchmarks often include USP , BP , or EP standards depending on the region of use. Ensuring these quality standards are met is critical for maintaining the integrity of the final chemical or pharmaceutical product being manufactured.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | -1.0 °C |
| Boiling Point | 197.2 °C @ Press: 760 Torr |
| Density | 1.2070 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C |
| Flash Point | 156 °F |
| Appearance | Benzoyl chloride is a colorless to slight brown liquid with a strong, penetrating odor. |
| Color | Clear |
| Odor | Pungent characteristic. |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | reacts |
| Vapor Pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 32 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.553(lit.) |
| pH | 2 (1g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | 1.44 at 21℃ and pH6 |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS05 GHS07 GHS06 GHS08 GHS09 Hazard Statements H227 Combustible liquid H302 Harmful if swallowed H311 Toxic in contact with skin H312 Harmful in contact with skin H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H318 Causes serious eye damage H330 Fatal if inhaled H331 Toxic if inhaled H332 Harmful if inhaled H351 Suspected of causing cancer H371 May cause damage to organs H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H400 Very toxic to aquatic life H402 Harmful to aquatic life H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P284 In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see … on this label). P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P391 Collect spillage. P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P333+P317 Get emergency medical help. P361+P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P370+P378 Use … for extinction. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P301+P330+P331 Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P302+P361+P354 IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29310095 |
| UN Number | 1736 |
| ADR Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Storage Class | 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 98-88-4
- EC Number
- 202-710-8
- Mol. Weight
- 140.56
- HS Code
- 29310095
- Category
- Catalysts & Catalyst Precursors