Overview
1,4-Butanediol (CAS 110-63-4 ), commonly abbreviated as BDO, is a four-carbon diol used as a chemical intermediate and solvent across polymer, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical manufacturing.
It is a primary building block for engineering plastics, elastic fibers, and polyurethane systems, connecting raw material supply chains to high-volume industrial production.
BDO is a key monomer in the production of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyurethane, where it functions as a chain extender and diol component in both rigid and flexible formulations.
In the manufacture of spandex and elastic fibers, it reacts with diisocyanates to control segment structure and mechanical performance. This ensures high durability and elasticity in the final product.
As a solvent and carrier in pharmaceutical and personal care manufacturing, BDO supports active ingredient delivery in topical and liquid formulations. It also serves as a precursor to gamma-butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran.
Both of these downstream industrial solvents are produced at scale for various chemical processes. BDO is supplied as a clear, low-viscosity liquid in bulk quantities including ISO tank, drum, and IBC formats.
Technical and industrial grades are the most common commercial forms, with high-purity grades available for pharmaceutical and specialty chemical applications. These meet rigorous industry requirements.
Specifications typically align with customer-defined purity thresholds, with ≥99% purity standard for most industrial procurement. This ensures consistent performance across diverse manufacturing environments.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 20.1 °C |
| Boiling Point | 230 °C @ Press: 760 Torr |
| Density | 1.0171 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 135 °C |
| Appearance | viscous colourless liquid |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | Miscible |
| Vapor Pressure | <0.1 hPa (20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.445(lit.) |
| pH | 7-8 (500g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -0.88 at 25℃ |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 Hazard Statements H302 Harmful if swallowed H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness Precautionary Statements P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29053980 |
| Storage Class | 10 - Combustible liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 110-63-4
- EC Number
- 203-786-5
- Mol. Weight
- 90.12
- HS Code
- 29053980
- Category
- Flavors & Fragrances