Overview
Tributyl citrate (CAS 77-94-1 ), commonly referred to as TBC or butyl citrate, is a citrate ester plasticizer used across polymer processing, personal care, and food-contact applications.
It functions primarily as a plasticizer and stabilizer, imparting flexibility and processing performance to polymer systems while meeting low-toxicity requirements that restrict alternatives.
In PVC and cellulose-based polymer formulations, TBC improves film flexibility and elongation, making it a preferred choice for food-contact packaging and medical tubing.
It is also used in children's products where regulatory compliance limits phthalate use. Personal care formulators incorporate it into nail lacquers and film-forming cosmetic products.
As a plasticizing agent, it supports adhesion and wear performance. In food-grade contexts, TBC functions as a humectant and stabilizer in flavor encapsulation and coating systems.
It also acts as an antioxidant synergist in fat-containing formulations, helping to extend shelf life in processed food applications. The material is supplied as a clear, low-viscosity liquid.
Food-grade and technical-grade specifications are both commercially available, with food-grade material produced to FCC standards for regulated applications.
Buyers sourcing for EU food-contact or cosmetic end uses should confirm compliance documentation against relevant regional regulations to ensure full safety and quality standards.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | -20 °C |
| Boiling Point | 327 °C |
| Density | 1.043 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 300 °C |
| Appearance | Colorless or pale-yellow, stable, odorless, nonvolatile liquid. Practically insoluble in water. Combustible. |
| Color | Clear |
| Odor | odorless |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.445 |
| Log P | 4.324 (est) |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS05 Hazard Statements H318 Causes serious eye damage Precautionary Statements P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P317 Get emergency medical help. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29181500 |
| UN Number | 2811 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| WGK (Germany) | 3 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 77-94-1
- EC Number
- 201-071-2
- Mol. Weight
- 360.4
- HS Code
- 29181500
- Category
- Oils, Fats & Waxes