Overview
Pyrogallol (CAS 87-66-1 ), also sold under the trade names Piral, Fourrine PG, and Fourrine 85, is a trihydric phenol used industrially as an antioxidant and reducing agent.
It serves as a fixative across pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and specialty chemical applications. Its strong reducing capacity makes it a functional ingredient in formulations requiring controlled oxidation.
In hair dye and cosmetic colorant systems, it acts as an oxidative dye coupler, contributing to brown and black shades in professional and consumer hair color products for the beauty industry.
Pharmaceutical manufacturers use it as an intermediate in the synthesis of active compounds and as an antioxidant stabilizer in sensitive formulations to ensure long-term product stability and efficacy.
In photographic and analytical chemistry applications, it functions as a developing agent and oxygen-absorbing reagent. Food-contact and packaging applications also draw on its antioxidant properties.
These properties protect against oxidative degradation in material formulations. The product is supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder for various industrial and laboratory uses.
Technical and reagent-grade specifications are standard across the market, with pharmaceutical-grade material available to meet compendial purity requirements for high-specification manufacturing projects.
Packaging typically ranges from kilogram-scale laboratory quantities to multi-hundred kilogram bulk orders depending on grade and supplier requirements for global distribution and logistics.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 133 °C |
| Boiling Point | 309 °C |
| Density | 1.453 g/cm³ @ Temp: 4 °C |
| Flash Point | >230 °F |
| Appearance | white crystalline solid |
| Color | White |
| Form | Very Fine Crystalline Powder |
| Water Solubility | 400 g/L (25 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | 10 mm Hg ( 167.7 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.387 |
| pH | 4-5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -0.47 |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 GHS08 Hazard Statements H302 Harmful if swallowed H312 Harmful in contact with skin H313 May be harmful in contact with skin H315 Causes skin irritation H316 Causes mild skin irritation H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 Causes serious eye irritation H332 Harmful if inhaled H335 May cause respiratory irritation H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H370 Causes damage to organs H371 May cause damage to organs H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects H302+H312+H332 Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled Precautionary Statements P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P317 Get emergency medical help. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P333+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29072200 |
| UN Number | 2811 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Storage Class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| WGK (Germany) | 3 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 87-66-1
- EC Number
- 201-762-9
- Mol. Weight
- 126.11
- HS Code
- 29072200
- Category
- Pigments & Colorants