Overview
Malic acid (CAS 6915-15-7 ), also known as E296 , is a dicarboxylic hydroxy acid used across food, pharmaceutical, and personal care manufacturing. It functions primarily as an acidulant, pH regulator, and flavor enhancer.
This chemical delivers a smooth, tart taste profile preferred over citric acid in many formulations. In food and beverage production, it acidifies confectionery, fruit-flavored drinks, and low-calorie products while extending shelf life.
Pharmaceutical manufacturers use it to adjust pH in oral solutions, effervescent tablets, and chewable formulations where taste masking is a priority. It is essential for maintaining stability in complex medicinal mixtures.
In personal care, it acts as a buffering agent in leave-on and rinse-off products such as toners, shampoos, and chemical exfoliants. It also functions as a synergist with other preservative systems in cosmetic formulations.
This synergy improves antimicrobial efficacy at controlled pH ranges, ensuring product safety. Malic acid is supplied as a white crystalline powder or granule, with granulated forms preferred for direct compression in tablet manufacturing.
Standard grades include food-grade ( FCC ), pharmaceutical-grade ( USP / BP ), and technical grade for industrial applications. Both L-malic acid and DL-malic acid are commercially available for various industrial needs.
Buyers specify chirality based on application and regulatory requirements for their specific region. The material is highly soluble and integrates easily into aqueous solutions for consistent manufacturing results.
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Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 131 °C |
| Boiling Point | 306 °C |
| Density | 1.6 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 203 °C |
| Appearance | White to nearly white crystals or crystal powder |
| Color | White to Almost white |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. odorless |
| Form | neat |
| Water Solubility | 558 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | <0.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.3920 (estimate) |
| pH | 2.3 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -6.14 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling
Danger GHS05 GHS07 Hazard Statements H302 Harmful if swallowed H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage H319 Causes serious eye irritation H335 May cause respiratory irritation Precautionary Statements P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P317 Get emergency medical help. P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P301+P317 Get emergency medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29181980 |
| Storage Class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 6915-15-7
- EC Number
- 230-022-8
- Mol. Weight
- 134.09
- HS Code
- 29181980
- Category
- Organic Acids