Overview
Diazolidinyl urea (CAS 78491-02-8 ), also known commercially as Germall 11, is a formaldehyde-releasing preservative used across personal care and pharmaceutical formulations.
It provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial protection against bacteria, yeast, and mold, extending the shelf life of water-containing products in various industrial applications.
In rinse-off and leave-on cosmetics, including lotions, shampoos, and conditioners, it is used at low concentrations to prevent microbial contamination throughout the product lifecycle.
Liquid and gel-based personal care formulations benefit from its water solubility, allowing straightforward incorporation without disrupting the stability of the emulsion system.
Pharmaceutical topical preparations such as creams and ointments rely on it to meet preservation efficacy requirements under standard challenge testing protocols for safety.
It is frequently paired with parabens or other co-preservatives to achieve broader coverage and reduce the required use level of each individual ingredient in the final blend.
Diazolidinyl urea is supplied as a white to off-white powder. It is available in cosmetic-grade and pharmaceutical-grade specifications, conforming to USP and BP monographs.
Standard packaging ranges from kilogram quantities for formulators to bulk drum supply for larger manufacturing operations, ensuring consistent quality for all industrial clients.
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Physical Properties
| Boiling Point | 421.04°C (rough estimate) |
| Density | 1.4734 (rough estimate) |
| Appearance | white powder |
| Color | White to Off-White |
| Form | Solid |
| Water Solubility | 1000g/L at 20℃ |
| Vapor Pressure | 0Pa at 20℃ |
| Refractive Index | 1.6590 (estimate) |
| Log P | 0.9 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling
Warning GHS07 Hazard Statements H315 Causes skin irritation H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 Causes serious eye irritation H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects Precautionary Statements P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations. P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P332+P317 Get emergency medical help. P333+P317 Get emergency medical help. P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29339900 |
| WGK (Germany) | 2 |
Other Names
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Chemical Properties
- CAS Number
- 78491-02-8
- EC Number
- 278-928-2
- Mol. Weight
- 278.22
- HS Code
- 29339900
- Category
- Heterocyclic Compounds